Archives of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography
University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, California 92093-0219 : January 1996
SIO Reference Number 96-3
TABLE OF CONTENTS BIOGRAPHY.......................................................1 PROVENANCE......................................................4 ARRANGEMENT.....................................................6 SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE..........................................8 RELATED COLLECTIONS............................................10 FOLDER LIST: Biographical Series.......................................11 Early Life Series.........................................11 Correspondence Series.....................................12 Organizations Series......................................14 Scripps Institution of Oceanography Series................20 Subject Files Series......................................26 Tools Series..............................................33 Calculations Series.......................................33 Papers Series.............................................36 Tidal Series..............................................39 BIOGRAPHY Several biographies have been written on George Francis McEwen including: Robert S. Arthur, et. al "George Francis McEwen." University of California In Memoriam, July 1975, pp. 91-93. Mills, Eric L. "Useful in Many Capacities. An Early Career in American Physical Oceanography." Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 20:2 (1990), pp. 265-310. George Francis McEwen was born on June 16, 1882, in Manchester, Iowa, the son of John Freemont McEwen, a jeweler, and Lillian Dodson McEwen. McEwen attended Iowa State College in Ames from 1885 to 1900, and from 1902 to 1905, supporting his studies with occasional work in watch repair. He withdrew after a serious bout of pneumonia. In 1905, McEwen and his mother moved to San Diego, California, hoping to improve their health. McEwen's mother moved with him to Palo Alto where he attended Stanford University from 1906-1908. He received an A.B. degree in 1908 and a doctorate in physics in 1911. McEwen had a teaching fellowship at Stanford while working on his doctorate and served as Instructor in Applied Mathematics at Stanford from 1910-1911. He was appointed Instructor in Mathematics at the University of Illinois in 1911. McEwen was recruited by William E. Ritter as a physicist for the Marine Biological Association of San Diego in 1908. This was a summer position until 1912, when McEwen was formally appointed hydrographer by the Regents of the University of California. During the same year the Association became the Scripps Institution for Biological Research of the University of California. McEwen's title was changed to Hydrographer and Curator of the Oceanographic Museum in 1916. His title was changed again to Associate Professor of Physical Oceanography in 1926 and he was thereafter listed in University of California publications as Associate Professor of Physical Oceanography and Curator of the Oceanographic Museum until 1928, when he was promoted to Professor of Oceanography and Curator of Physical Oceanography. McEwen concentrated on hydrographic work during his early years at Scripps. He designed instruments and became interested in the dynamical oceanography of V.W. Ekman and V.F.K. Bjerknes. By 1912, his work was focused on the determination of ocean currents using temperature and long term weather forecasting. McEwen received support for his climatological work from E.W. Scripps during his early years in La Jolla, and from 1925-1933 his research was funded by several southern California power companies. During this period, his long term weather forecasts were distributed broadly to scientists and representatives of the power and agricultural interests. McEwen published many papers and his research was considered promising by Scripps directors William E. Ritter and Thomas Wayland Vaughan. McEwen married Mae Alice Winner in Hamilton, Missouri, on June 18, 1912. They had two children, Paul Albert McEwen born in 1913 and Dora Ellen McEwen born in 1932. McEwen taught summer courses in oceanography at Scripps beginning in 1917. During the 1920's McEwen taught courses in physical oceanography (dynamical oceanography) and meteorology at Scripps and lectured frequently at UCLA. He gave a series of lectures on dynamical oceanography at the University of California in Berkeley in April l926. Beginning in 1938 McEwen taught a course in physical oceanography together with Harald Sverdrup and Richard Fleming, and Sverdrup and McEwen together taught a course on meteorology. From 1936-1939, McEwen supervised a compilation of ships' meteorological observations taken between l904 and 1934. This work was undertaken at Long Beach with WPA labor in cooperation with the U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office. McEwen gradually abandoned his long term weather forecasts by 1940 when their scientific validity was questioned, and the work of other scientists, principally Ekman and Bjerknes, eclipsed his own. While McEwen spent the decade of the 1930's attempting to refine his temperature-based methods of calculating ocean currents, his efforts were not successful. The methods of the Bergen School were taught at Scripps beginning in 1936 when Nowegian oceanographer Harald Sverdrup became director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and began to transform both the research program and curriculum according to European scientific standards. During World War II, McEwen's work on the dispersion of silt in the ocean attracted the interest of Manhattan Project scientists. In 1944, he left Scripps to join them. He later calculated the dispersion of radioactive material during Operation Crossroads. His mathematical model of dispersion occupied his work until his retirement in 1952. McEwen was an active member of many scientific organizations. He was a member of the American Committee of Oceanography of the Pacific of the National Research Council. He was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was a member of the American Meteorological Society, the California Academy of Sciences, the American Geophysical Union, the American Physical Society and the American Mathematical Society. McEwen was a delegate to the Pan-Pacific Science Congress in Honolulu in 1920 and served as a delegate to the Congress when it met in Tokyo in l926. He was vice president of the American Meteorological Society in 1938 and 1939. McEwen died in La Jolla on March 1, 1972. PROVENANCE Margaret King Robinson recalled in 1981 that when George Francis McEwen retired in 1952, his bathythermograph glass slides for the Pacific were given to her. She added these to SIO's collection of BT data. She also received McEwen's pier data, tide records, sea surface temperature data, and meteorological data. Some of this data was added to SIO master data sets. Others were distributed to scientists. For instance, Robinson recalled that Sargun Tont received McEwen's meteorological data and Myrl Hendershott received the tide data. McEwen's general Pier Log, 1919-1932 was subsequently given by Hendershott to the SIO Archives (accession 81-49). Robinson went through McEwen's administrative and correspondence files in his office on the second floor, west, of Ritter Hall after his retirement. She discarded some data, leaving one filing cabinet of administrative material and correspondence. Robinson recalled that Mrs. McEwen eventually went through these papers and "threw ninety percent away." By 1981, the Scripps Archives already had five linear inches of George McEwen Papers among the SIO Biographical Files (AC 5) which appear to have come from files of the SIO Office of the Director. The Archives also had a few individual documents by McEwen. For instance, Archivist Betty Shor located McEwen's "Serial hydrographic data from waters of the Pacific, S.S. Albatross, 1916" among the Carl Hubbs Papers at the SIO Archives. McEwen's "Tables to Facilitate Dynamic Computations of Ocean Currents" a typescript dated 1929 was in the archives and it had SIO Library property stamps that indicate that it may once have been cataloged into the general SIO library collection (accession 82-27). In January 1983, two cartons of McEwen material were found among the papers of Norris Rakestraw (accession 83-3). Robinson gave the archives one folder of McEwen material she found in 1984 (accession 84-20). In December 1987 SIO graduate student Bill Pavlosky was working in the west wing, second floor of Ritter Hall and decided to enter an area under the eaves of the roof above Room 2339 Ritter Hall that could be accessed through a small door in that area. He found that the crawl-space included boxes and piles of papers, many of which were signed by George Francis McEwen. Room 2339 had been George Francis McEwen's office. He called the SIO Archives, and in January and February 1988 the archives staff moved this material from the attic to the SIO Archives. The staff also found some twenty cubic feet of raw data that was turned over to George Anderson for evaluation. This data included material dated after McEwen's retirement. The archives organized the McEwen material and separated from it monographs, overdue library books, serials and other published materials that were turned over to the SIO Library. The remainder was organized and accessioned as accessions 88-2 (McEwen-5 cubic feet) 88-3 (Michael-1 cubic foot), 88-4 (Cummings-.25 cubic feet) and 88-11 (Gorczynski-1.25 cubic feet). This material was of interest to Dr. Eric Mills, historian of science and oceanographer, who was studying McEwen's career. Mills visited George Francis McEwen's son, Paul A. McEwen, in Exeter, California, on June 26, 1988, and received from him four cartons of George Francis McEwen Papers, which had been stored in a shed in Exeter since the death of Mae Winner McEwen. This material included 19 folders of manuscript material (accession 88-18) as well as reprints and printed material. It is not known if this was material Mrs. McEwen saved from Dr. McEwen's office at Scripps after his retirement, or if this material originated at the McEwen home. George Francis McEwen's daughter, Dora Ellen McEwen Reynolds, had also received a few family letters and other material from her mother, Mae Winner McEwen. She donated one manuscript box of this material in October l988 (accession 88-31). Dora Ellen McEwen Reynolds formally gave her interest, including copyright, in the George Francis McEwen Papers to the Regents of the University of California through a deed of gift signed December 1, 1988. As this summary of provenance indicates, the George Francis McEwen Papers were scattered after his retirement and death. Gaps in the papers clearly indicate that material is missing. Data files gathered by McEwen were loaned to colleagues during his lifetime. After his death, Margaret Robinson gave McEwen data files to Scripps researchers with an interest in their subject matter. McEwen family material and files of George Francis McEwen in the hands of his wife, Mae Winner McEwen, were passed to her children, Paul A. McEwen and Dora Ellen McEwen. They have each donated some of this material to the Scripps Archives, but they have retained some items. Researchers should be aware that additional papers of George Francis McEwen may be in the hands of family members and colleagues of the physical oceanographer. ARRANGEMENT There was no single comprehensive arrangement of the George Francis McEwen Papers. Some material was received in folders with subject headings. Other material was received loose in boxes or tied in bundles. The largest block of McEwen Papers received (accession 88-2, the material found in Ritter Hall attic) included groups of like material that were found together. For instance, material on instruments all appeared close together in piles of folders. Course materials turned up in groups. Some boxes appeared to contain material concerning the Scripps Institution. It was clear that the material had once been organized by subjects, but the subject arrangement had been disturbed when the files were moved. If the original arrangement of a collection has been destroyed, archivists generally arrange the collection chronologically. The McEwen Papers include many undated manuscripts. This made a strict chronological arrangment impractical. The decision was made to try to gather like material together. This resulted in the organization of the collection into ten series. The Biographical Series includes five folders of files concerning GFM's personal life. The Early Life Series provides a place for nineteen folders of material from GFM's school years. The Correspondence Series includes two manuscript boxes of loose correspondence, which has been arranged chronologically, followed by correspondence that was found in labelled folders arranged alphabetically. The Organization Series includes five manuscript boxes of material arranged alphabetically by name of organization. The Scripps Institution of Oceanography Series includes four manuscript boxes of material relevant to Scripps and to the University of California. The Subject Series includes five manuscript boxes arranged alphabetically by subject. The Tools Series includes thirteen folders of material documenting oceanographic instruments in general and specific instruments or tools. The Calculations Series includes three boxes of mathematical calculations, tables. These are arranged chronologically with undated calculations arranged at the beginning of the series. The Papers Series includes two manuscript boxes of papers, lectures and other manuscripts written by George Francis McEwen, papers of others collected by McEwen, and subject bibliographies compiled or collected by McEwen. Bibliographies of McEwen's papers are arranged first in the series, followed by an undated typescript of a book on probability written by McEwen. This is followed by McEwen's dated papers arranged chronologically, and then his undated papers. The series ends with bibliographies and papers of others arranged alphabetically by the authors names, and finally subject bibliographies. The Tidal Series is the final series. This series consists of one manuscript box of tide computations. SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE The George Francis McEwen Papers include correspondence, student notes and records, subject files, reports on research, files on professional organizations, teaching files, manuscripts of papers, lectures and books, committee files, weather forecasts, drawings, data, calculations, tide computations, instrument catalogs and descriptions, booklists and bibliographies, newspaper clippings and other material documenting the career and life of the physical oceanographer. The collection consists largely of material documenting George Francis McEwen's career at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. It includes only a few files documenting McEwen's family and his personal life. The collection includes some materials dated 1897- 1908 that document McEwen's education. These materials include McEwen's Stanford University class notes and files (Box 2) and files documenting his work as an instructor in mathematics at the University of Illinois in 1911 (Box 1). The collection includes substantial but by no means complete documentation of McEwen's research in hydrography and meteorology. The collection includes annual reports on McEwen's research dated 1919, 1927-1934 (Box 10). Many of these were compiled for the director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the President of the University of California. Portions of the reports were published or summarized in annual reports submitted by SIO directors to the Office of the President. The collection also includes some of McEwen's seasonal weather forecasts dated 1924- 1936 (Box 15). The Papers Series includes manuscripts of McEwen's lectures and scientific papers that often describe his scientific methods and research. The Correspondence Series includes documentation of McEwen's research. The collection includes two boxes of correspondence dated 1898-1952. The bulk of the correspondence is dated from 1919-1936 when McEwen undertook extensive calculations on ocean currents and prepared long range weather forecasts. The correspondence consists largely of letters exchanged with colleagues and instrument makers. This includes correspondence exchanged with representatives of federal agencies, including the U.S. Navy, U.S. Weather Service, and Department of Agriculture. The correspondence includes many inquiries from power and water companies, coastal municipalities, and engineers seeking information on currents and weather conditions specific to their region. The collection includes substantial amounts of data, weather diaries and logs, tide computations, mathematical calculations and research notes. These are located in the Subject Series, Calculations Series and Tidal Series. This material includes undated material and drafts. There are many gaps in this documentation and many incomplete records. While almost all of this data appears to have been collected by McEwen, some data predates his arrival at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. For instance Box 16 folder 20 contains the University of California San Pedro Record of Stations Occupied, 1901. This data was compiled by University of California scientists at San Pedro in 1901, where William Ritter conducted summer biological laboratories before establishing a permanent marine station in San Diego. Box 18, folders 1-4 contain records of trawling collections dated 1906. Some data is gathered in subject or project files. For instance, McEwen compiled hydrographic data on Alaska dated 1927-1929 that has been arranged in the Subject Files Series (Boxes 13-14). The McEwen Papers include files documenting Harold Lewis Kirby and his plan to use a seaplane for scientific observations in 1931 (Box 16). The McEwen Papers include substantial documentation of McEwen's work as a teacher and the development of the curriculum of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography during his years at the institution. While there are many gaps in this documentation, it nevertheless includes early course lists and curriculum materials describing lectures and courses offered at the Scripps Institution from 1917-1930 (Box 9 and Box 13). The collection includes material documenting the academic life of McEwen's graduate student, Nephi Willard Cummings (Box 11). The collection also documents University Extension courses taught by McEwen from 1923 to 1935 (Box 13). The collection includes documentation of McEwen's professional activities. The collection includes files documenting local, state, national and international associations. RELATED COLLECTIONS The S.I.O. Biographical Files, 1903-1981 (AC5), include eleven folders of George Francis McEwen correspondence and other papers dated 1912-1971 in Box 10, folders 344-354. The Records of the S.I.O. Office of the Business Manger, 1903-1947 (AC4), include financial records documenting McEwen meteorological investigations. The S.I.O. Subject Files, 1890-1981 (AC6) include documentation of McEwen's 1936-1939 project to compile oceanographic data for the U.S. Hydrographic Office at Long Beach in Box 24, folder 44. McEwen correspondence can also be found in the papers of several of McEwen's colleagues and students including the Nephi Willard Cummings Papers (1.25 cubic feet, accession 88-4), the Wladyslaw Gorczynski Papers (1.25 cubic feet, accession 88-11). and the Ellis LeRoy Michael Papers (1.25 cubic feet, accession 88-3). The Tillie Genter Papers (2.5 cubic feet, accession 83-68) include several photographs of McEwen. A 1940 letter from Joseph E. Dryer inviting McEwen to speak at the San Diego Heaven on Earth Club can be found in accession 82-96. The Scripps Institution of Oceanography Library holds a collected set of George Francis McEwen's reprints dated 1910-1954 (SIO Special Collections GC7 M33). GEORGE FRANCIS McEWEN (1882-1972) Papers, 1877-1972 MC 21 Box Folder Folder Title BIOGRAPHICAL SERIES 1 1 [McEwen Biographical Information, n.d.] 2 George F. McEwen Memorial Service, March 4, 1972 3 [Accounts Unpaid, 1928-1940] 4 Income Tax, 1936-1937 5 [Paul McEwen, 1935-1936] EARLY LIFE SERIES 6 George's Manchester Drawings, 1897-1898 7 George's Old High School English Essays, 1900-1901 8 George's Essays, Manchester High School, 1900-1901 9 Illinois, Program Examination Problems, Algebra, 1908-1912 10 [University of] Illinois, General Program in Math, n.d. 11 [Mathematics Course Notes, 1912] University of Illinois 12 [Mathematics Examinations, 1908-1923] [University of Illinois] 13 [University of Illinois, Geometry Committee, 1911] 14 [Notes-Theories of Ocean Circulation, n.d.] [University of Illinois] 15 Ill[inois] Program Exam Prob[lem]s, Trig, 1912 16 Stanford Program Exam Problems, Analytic Geometry, 1908-1911 EARLY LIFE (cont.) 1 17 [Elementary Algebra, Special Examination, October 2, 1909] 18 Calculus [Teaching Notes], c1910 19 Solid Geometry [Teaching Notes] Stanford 1910 20 Trigonometry Problems [Teaching Notes] c1910 Stanford University, Course Notes, 1910-1911 2 1 [Correspondence, Course Notes] 2 [Grades] 3 Stanford University Program, 1910-1912 [Schedule of Classes] 4 Party for George and Group Elected to Phi Beta Kappa Society at Stanford, May 20, 1911 CORRESPONDENCE SERIES Correspondence 5 n.d. 6 1898-1906 7 1910-1913 8 1914-1916 9 1917 10 1918-1919 26 1L 1919 1920 2 11 January-July 12 August-December 13 1921 14 1922 3 1 1923 CORRESPONDENCE (cont.) Correspondence (cont.) 3 2 1924 3 1925 4 1926 5 1927 26 2L 1928 3 6 1928-1929 7 1930 8 1931-1932 9 1933 1934 10 January-July 11 August-December 1935 12 January-April 13 May-December 14 1936 15 1937 4 1 1938-1942 26 3L 1952 4 2 [Addresses, n.d.] Business Letters 3 n.d. 4 1924-1929 5 1930 6 Advertising, 1930 CORRESPONDENCE (cont.) 4 7 Correspondence with Donald Chapman and Moscow Officials Regarding Okhotsk Sea Data, 1937-1938 8 [Cummings, N.W.] Telegram, November 4, 1927 9 Deraga, 1927-1928 10 Gorczynski, W., 1941 11 File of Letters by Dr. [A.F.] Gorton, 1932 12 Groissmayr, Fritz, 1930 13 [Letter, A.J. Harvey, May 18, 1940] 14 Miscellaneous Inquiries, 1925-1938 [and McEwen's Responses] Dr. T.G. Thompson, Physical Properties of Seawater 15 Correspondence, 1929 16 1930 17 1935 18 Bailey Willis [1932] ORGANIZATIONS SERIES 19 American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1921 [Committee Appointments] 20 Trip [American Association for the Advancement of Science, Pullman, Washington, 1932] American Association of Engineers 21 San Diego Division, 1920-1926 [Information and Membership] 22 Program for April 12, 1927 and Resolutions Relative to Meteorology and Oceanography 23 [American Meteorological Society 1935] [Memo from Charles F. Brooks, Secretary] 24 American Meteorological Society, 1936-1941 [Notices of Programs and Services] ORGANIZATIONS (cont.) 4 25 [American Meteorological Society, San Diego Meeting, June 1938] 26 [Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1930-1935] 27 American Statistical Association [1938] [Letter] [British Association for the Advancement of Science] 28-30 Newspaper Clippings, 1924 5 1 Meeting, 1924 California Economic Research Council 2 1927-1931 [Executive Committee Meetings and Conferences] 3 1928 [Proceedings-Semi-Annual Meeting, 1929] 4 Proceedings, Annual Conference, Los Angeles, Nov 8, 1933 5 California State Chamber of Commerce, 1934-1935 [Oceanographic Concerns] 6 Chamber of Commerce Data, 1937 [Responses to Questionnaire] 7 [Engineer's Club Members, n.d.] 8 Engineer's Club [Presentation-Handwritten Draft, n.d.] 9 Lecture Memoranda, 1926-1935 [Engineer's Club] 10 [Engineer's Club of San Diego, Bulletins 1930-1931] 11 Engineer's Club, 1932-1935 [Bulletins, Meeting Notes] 12 International Geophysical Congress [Program], 1928 13 [International Meetings, 1929-1930] 14 [Professional Engineer - Tables, 1929] ORGANIZATIONS (cont.) 5 15 [Science News Letter, 1931] 16 National Academy of Sciences, April 23-25, [Annual Meeting], 1928 American Geophysical Union [Annual Meeting] 17 1919 18 1920 6 1 1921-1922 2 1923-1925 3 1926-1927 4 1928-1929 5 [Correspondence, 1919-1929] 6 Section of Hydrology, Committee on Evaporation, [Memos, Translated Paper by R. Cherubim], 1931-1934 7 Evaporation Committee, 1931-1935 [Reports, Notices, Correspondence] 26 4L Evaporation Committee, April 1933 6 8 Hydrology Committee, 1933-1935 [Presentation- Draft] 9 II. B. Evaporation, 1932 [Committee on Underground Water] 10 National Research Council, Hydrology Committee, 1933 [Correspondence] 11 Section of Hydrology, Reports 1934-1935 12 Membership Lists, 1934-1937 13 Committee on Ocean Temperatures, 1923-1926 14 List from Which Selections Were Made for Oceanographic Comm., n.d. ORGANIZATIONS (cont.) American Geophysical Union (cont.) 6 15 Replies, Oceanographic Committee, 1935 16 Names of Those Concerned with Research in Pacific, Mailing List, n.d. 17 National Research Council and Geophysical Union, 1921-1926 [Section Minutes] 18 Submarine Configuration, Oceanic Circulation, 1926- 1927 [Notes, Resolutions] 19 Committee on Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the Pacific, [Committee on Submarine Configuration and Oceanic Circulation, 1926-1927] - Reports 20 Committee [Submarine Configuration and Oceanic Circulation, Report-Handwritten Draft, 1929] 7 1 [National Research Council, American Geophysical Union, 1940 - Executive Committee Meeting] 2 [Newport Service Club, 1932] 3 Pacific Coast Electrical Association, 1926-1927 Pan Pacific Science [Congress, Hawaii, August 1920] 4 Programs 5 Correspondence, August-December 1920 6 Correspondence, 1921 7 Manuscripts 8 McEwen, "The Pacific Ocean and its Importance to Pacific Countries," mss. c1920 9 "Investigations of the Waters of the Pacific, Especially in the Region Bordering North America," c1920 10 Ritter, "The Role of the Scripps Institution in a Program of Pacific Exploration" outline, c1920 ORGANIZATIONS (cont.) Pan Pacific Science (cont.) [Congress, Hawaii, August 1920] (cont.) 7 11 Dr. Fraser, Director of the Biological Station in British Columbia, c1920 12 [Congress, Australia, 1923, Resolutions, Notices of Next Congress] 13 [Third Pan-Pacific Science Congress, Announcement Tokyo 1926] Third Pan Pacific Science 14 [Congress, Tokyo, October-November 1926, Notes, Papers and Resolutions] 15 [Congress, Tokyo, October-November 1926, Programs] 16 Fourth Pacific Science Congress, 1929 [Reports, Resolutions - Java] 17 Fourth Pan Pacific Science [Congress, Java, May-June 1929] [Correspondence-Publishing Committee] 18 Vancouver, 5th Pacific Science Congress, 1932- 1933 [Announcements] 19 5th Pacific Science Congress, 1931-1935 [Vancouver Committee Reports] 8 1 Pacific Science Congress Committee [on the Oceanography of the Pacific, 1926-1929] 2 International Committee on Oceanography of the Pacific, 1935 [Memos] 3 Committee on Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the Pacific, 1921-1926 [Resolutions, Reports, Correspondence] 4 International Committee on the Oceanography of the Pacific, 1923 [Report from Chair (Vaughan) and U.S. Representative (McEwen)] ORGANIZATIONS (cont.) Committee on Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the Pacific 8 5 1925 [-1927-Resolutions] 6 1927 [Correspondence, Membership, Memoranda] 7 Preliminary Report, 1927 8 1928 [Correspondence] 9 Letter to Members, July 1928 10 Committee on Physical Oceanography c1928 [Progress Reports] 11 [Committee on the Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the Pacific, 1928] [Report, Recommendations] 12 Memoranda for Committee on Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the North Pacific, 1928-1930 13 Report, Chairman Subcom US on Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the Pacific, 1929-1933, Original Data [Handwritten and Typed Draft] 14 Report of the Chairman of the Subcommittee for the United States on the Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the Pacific, A Summary for the Period March 1929 to March 1933 [Final] 15 Corrected Report, Chairman of Subcommittee for US on Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the Pacific, March 1929-March 1933 9 1 Committee on Physical and Chemical Oceanography of the Pacific, [Vaughan, International Committee on the Coral Reefs of the Pacific, 1926] 2 [International Committee on the Coral Reefs of the Pacific, Vaughan, c1929] 3 Societies, 1933 26 5L Synopsis Club, McEwen Speech, "Some Developments in Modern Statistical Methods and Their Biological Applications," 1935 ORGANIZATIONS (cont.) 9 4 [University of Southern California School of Citizenship and Public Administration, 1930] 5 George F. McEwen Papers, 1933-1949, "The Water Cycle Between the Ocean, Atmosphere, and Land." 6 [Western Society of Naturalists, 1919] 7 Western Society of Naturalists, 1929 8 [Western Society of Naturalists, 1935] 9 [Society for Experimental Biology/Western Society of Naturalists, Meeting at SIO, December 15, 1934] 10 [Writer's Club of San Diego, 1936] SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY SERIES 11 Academic Senate, 1929 12 [Results of Vote on Name for New Boat, n.d.] 13 Civil Service, 1914-1924 14 [SIO Conference on the Physical Oceanography and Marine Meteorology of the Northeast Pacific and the Climate of the Western Part of the United States, November 6 & 7, 1925] 15-16 [Academic Work of the Scripps Institution, Courses, 1924-1925] 17 [SIO List of Courses, 1925] 18 Courses in Oceanography and Titles of Lectures, 1925-1926 19 SIO New Laboratory Building, 1929-1930 20 [Reading Notes, n.d.] [Library Committee] 21-22 [Books to Get, c1929] [Library Committee] 23 Library Committee, 1932 SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY (cont.) 9 24 McEwen, Book List to be Purchased for the Library, 1932-1933 25 [Book Lists, 1932-1938] [Library Committee] 10 1-2 [Book Lists, c1936] [Library Committee] 3 [Booklists, 1938-1939] [Library Committee] 4 [SIO 1937 Memos] 5 Organization Chart [S.I.O. September 1, 1948] 6 [University of California Radio Service, "Modern Weather Prophets" Broadcast #1257, November 13, 1934] 7 Reports [to the] President [of the University of California, 1927] 8 Reports [to the] President [of the University of California, 1928] 9 Reports [to the] President [of the University of California, 1929] 10 [Annual Report of the Director to the President of the University of California, 1930-1931] 11 Scripps Institution, March 1932-1933 12 [President's Report, 1933-1934] 13 Reports [to the] President [of the University of California, 1919] [Memoranda, McEwen] 14 Reports [to the] President [of the University of California] 1926-1927 [and 1927-1928] 15 President's Report, [1928-1929 and 1929-1930] 16 Memorandum for the Annual Report to the President of the UC for the Year 1929-1930] 17 Annual Report Memo, 1930-1931 (1 of 3) 18 President Report, [1930-1931] (2 of 3) SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY (cont.) 10 19 Memorandum for President's Report, 1930-1931 (3 of 3) 20 [Oceanographic Research, 1933-1934] [Memos for Report to President] 26 6L Progress Reports, n.d. 7L SS Scripps, August 13-24, [1928?] [Evaporation] 10 21 Sketch of Oceanographic Work at Scripps Institution, McEwen, n.d. 22 "The Role of the Scripps Institution in Program of Pacific Exploration" by William Ritter, c1920 23 [Memorandum for Dr. Vaughan Relative to Our Work in Long Range Weather Forecasting, 1935] 24 Report June 15-October 15, 1928, Special Investigations at the Scripps Institution Relating to Seasonal Weather Forecasting 25 ["Report of Progress from June 15 to December 31, 1928 in Special Investigation at the Scripps Institution Relating to Seasonal Weather Forecasting"] 26 [Annual Progress Report, Meteorology and Seasonal Weather Forecasting, SIO, November 29, 1930] 11 1-2 "Supplementary Statement Relative to Methods of Seasonal Weather Forecasting Employed at the Scripps Institution, La Jolla, California. Detailed Tabulations and Estimates for the 1932- 1933 Season," McEwen 3 [McEwen, "Statement of Work Done in Physical Oceanography & Marine Meteorology, March 1932- March 1933] 4 [McEwen, Statement of Work Done in Physical Oceanography and Marine Meteorology, July 1, 1932 to July 1, 1933] SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY (cont.) 11 5 [Summary of Work Done in the Division of Physical Oceanography and Marine Meteorology, March 1934 to March 1935] 6 [Sverdrup-Memo, Miscellaneous, 1938] 7 Farewell Party for Dr. Vaughan, [1936] 8 "Papers in Dr. Vaughan's Files," n.d. 9 University of California [Candidates for Degrees, 1924-1930] 10 Francisco [Almeida], 1923 11 Cummings-Correspondence, 1918-1922 12 [Correspondence-Evaporation, 1937-1938] 13 [Cummings-Correspondence, 1940] [Evaporation] 14 Personal, 1930-1931 [Notes, Correspondence, Memoranda, CV] [Nephi Willard Cummings, Degree Candidacy] 15 n.d. 16 1917-1926 17 Nephi Willard Cummings Program for Examination, 1922 18 The Economic Importance of the Effect of Atmosphere Conditions on Evaporation from Lakes, n.d. 19 N.W. Cummings ["Evaporation from Water Surfaces," n.d.] 20 Wind, Vapor Pressure Evaporation of Sayford Equation, n.d. 21 [Lecture Outline, n.d.] 22 Research-Energy Relations in Transpiration, 1930 (1 of 2) SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY (cont.) 11 23 Cummings, Evaporation from Soil, etc., 1930 [Energy Relations in Transpiration-Research Correspondence] (2 of 2) 24 Cummings, "Use of Burt Phototube in an Integrating Pyrheliometer," 1935-1936 25 Evaporation Manuscript, Bowen ["The Ratio of Heat Losses by Conduction and by Evaporation from Any Water Surface," c1924] 26 Recent Evaporation Studies, 1931 Richardson 27 [Victor E.] Shelford [Reprints, Discarded, 1920- 1930] 28 Chapter 11, Direct Evidence, etc., n.d. [Research Notes] 29 Notes on Force Unknown - Evaporation Equation, n.d. 12 1 Research-Evaporation, Pan and far September- December 1927 [Data, Tables] 2 Research-President's Report, 1930 [Memorandum] 3 [Notes, n.d. Forecasting] 4 [Computation, n.d.] 5 Scripps Orders, n.d. 6 [Tables] Papers, n.d. 7 Cooling Towers, 1929 8 Miscellaneous, 1931 9 Research Grid Glow Tube, 1931 10 [Programme of the Final Examination for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of Roger Revelle, April 16, 1936] 11 Margaret K. Robinson, M.S. & Ph.D., 1951 [Progress Report on Sea Temperature in the Gulf of Alaska] SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY (cont.) 12 12 "A De Novo Ratio Method for Determining the Influence of Environmental Fluctuations Upon the Distribution of Organisms," n.d. 13 Teynham Woodward, 1922-1927 14 [University of California, University Extension, Trigonometry, n.d.] 15 File of Lesson Assignments, [Mathematics Courses, 1923] [UCSD] University Extension 16 [Mathematics Course Lesson Plans] n.d. 17 [Mathematics Course Notes] n.d. 18 1923-1926 [UCSD] [Administrative Materials and Class Assignments] 19 1935 [Correspondence] 20 University Ex[tension], n.d. [Elements of Analysis? - Student Assignments] 21 University Extension, Math Teaching [Elements of Analysis, Math 25, 1923-1925] 13 1 [University of California Extension, Mathematics 25, 1923-1928] (1 of 2) 2 University Extension [Mathematics 25 Course Lessons and Examinations, 1923-1928] (2 of 2) 3 Strength of Materials [Engineering 26], 1924 4 [Extension Course in Oceanography, September 24 to December 3, 1925] 5 Seminar Lectures, 1925 6 [Seminar Materials, 1929] 7 General Oceanography-Outlines 1925-1935 8 Diagrams, n.d. [Seminar on Dynamical Oceanography] [UCLA] SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY (cont.) [Seminar on Dynamical Oceanography] Manuscript in Pencil 13 9 pp. 1-50, n.d. 26 8L pp. 51-101 13 10 "Seminar in Dynamical Oceanography" October 26, 1928 [mss] 11 Lectures at UCLA, 1930 [Outline, Talk on Solar Radiation] 12 ["Preliminary Outline of a Course of Five Lectures on Dynamical Oceanography," April 24-30, 1930? Notes] 13 "Seminar Outline in Dynamical Oceanography" April 23, 1931 [Diagrams] 14 Algebra [Problems, n.d.] 15 [Course Notes, n.d] 16 [Mathematics Course Notes, n.d.] 17 [Student Papers, Mathematics, n.d.] SUBJECT FILES SERIES 18 Correspondence, Alaska Work, 1929-1930 19 [Data, Alaska?, n.d.] [Tables-Depth] 20 [Alaska] Supplementary Notes, n.d. 21 [Alaska,] Thomson, n.d. 22 Alaska, 1927-1928 [Data, Tables] 23 [Alaska Data, Dynamic Depth Specific Volume, 1927- 1928] 24 [Papers] 1928 ["Dynamic Computations of Oceanic Circulation According to the Bjerknes Theory"] 25 1928 [Tables-Depth] SUBJECT FILES (cont.) 13 26 Alaska 1928 [Depth, Volume, Gravity Tables] 14 1 Hydrographic Data, Alaska, 1929 Cape Chiniak 2 1929 [Graphs] 3 [Alaska] [Introduction] 1929 [Alaska] 4 1928 [Analysis of the Waters of the North Pacific off Cape Clear] 5 D-1929 [Cape Spencer] 6 Ocean Cape [Alaska], n.d. [Graphs] [Alaska] 7 1-1927 [Ocean Cape] 8 1927-2 [Ocean Cape] 9 1928-2 [Analysis of the Waters of the North Pacific off Ocean Cape] 10 Ocean Cape [Alaska] 1929 [Tables] 26 9L [Bacteria Counts, n.d.] 14 11 Boat & Summer Cruises, n.d. 12 [Charles F. Brooks, 1928] 13 [Community Lectures, 1938-1939] 26 10L [Notes, n.d.] [Tables-Estimate of Lag from Graph of Current] 14 14 "Theory of Ocean Currents," Notes by George McEwen, n.d. [c1908] 15 [Notes on Ekman Theory, n.d.] [c1908] 16 Notes on Circulation in the North Pacific [R.A. Harris, c1915] 17 Current Schedule, 1935 SUBJECT FILES (cont.) 14 18 [Directions for Making and Recording Ocean Observations by Cooperative Observers at Light Houses or Light Ships, The Scripps Institution of Oceanography, n.d] 19 Fisheries Data, 1916-1918 20 Tuna Reports Catch, 1918-1919 21 Fluid Friction, n.d. 22 H.J. Browne, 1928-1930 [Weather Bureau] 23 For Pasadena, Cycle Methods, 1931 [Clay Varves- Correspondence] 24 Weather Forecasting, [1934-1937] [Correspondence] 25 1937 Letters Regarding Seasonal Forecasts 26 Tables, Ocean Temperatures and Seasonal Rainfall, n.d.] 27 Rain-District, 1916-1929 28 Temp. Rain, 1924-25 [Data on Seasonal Rainfall in San Diego County] 29 Precipitation Summary Made September 1933 [Data] 15 1 Temp. - Rainfall, Answered [1925] 2 [Rainfall Indications for the Season 1925-1926] 3 [Indicated Seasonal Rainfall in Southern California for 1927-1928] 4 Seasonal Forecasting, 1927-1928 26 11L "Indicated Seasonal Rainfall in California for 1929-1930" 15 5 [Indicated Seasonal Rainfall 1930-1931] 6 [Indicated Seasonal Rainfall Predictions for 1930- 1931 in Selected Regions of California] (1 of 4) SUBJECT FILES (cont.) 15 7 Rainfall [Indicated Seasonal Rainfall for 1930-1931 in Selected Regions of California] (2 of 4) 8 [Indicated Seasonal Precipitation for 1930-31 in Selected Regions of California] (3 of 4) 9 Indicated Seasonal Precipitation for 1930-1931 in Selected Regions of California (4 of 4) 10 ["Indicated Seasonal Precipitation for 1931-1932 in Selected Portions of California"] 11 [Indicated Precipitation, 1932-1933] 12 Cycles, 1931-1935 [Series of Wet Years Indicated for Pacific Coast States, 1935] 13 [Forecasts, 1936 - Temperature Indications Supplementary to Those Issued, February 1936] 14 [Rainfall Forecast, 1937-1938] 15 Bibliography on Seasonal Forecasting 16 References on Seasonal Forecasting 17 ["Summary of Data and Methods Used in the Temperature - Rainfall Problem," 1916-1924] 18 Temperature Rainfall Relation, Correspondence with Brooks [Science Service News Bulletin, 1924] 19 Meteorological Data, 1918-1919 [Lompoc, San Miguel Islands] 20 Ashland & Grants Pass [Data] 1919-1934 21 Meteorology, Pacific Coast [Fog Study, 1925] 22 C[uyamaca] n.d. 23 Cuyamaca, [Cummings 1920-21] 24 Hodges Lake, 1923 26 12L [Sweetwater Reservoir Data, n.d.] SUBJECT FILES (cont.) 15 25 Sweetwater Daily Work 1923 Murray Dam Data by Richardson & Montgomery 26 1923-1927 26 13L 1927 15 27 [Notes on Mission Bay Causeway, 1941-1955, by Peter H. Ottosen] 28 [American Geographic Society, Book List, n.d.] 16 1 George F. McEwen Private Library c1929 2 Stechert, Books, 1929 [Private Library] 3 Booklist [c1932] 4 Books, 1932-1933 [Private Libraries] 5 Barnes & Noble, 1934-1935 [Private Library] 26 14L [Meteorological Notes, c1930] 16 6 S2 and K1 Reductions 26 15L [Papers, n.d.] [Miscellaneous Local Data] 16 7 Miscellaneous Instructions Ocean Observations, 1925 [Newspaper Clippings] 8 1933-1935 9 1935-1938 10 1938 11-12 Scrapbook-Forecasting Indices, Meteorology, Volcanic Activity, Sun Spots, 1928-1930 13-14 1930-31 Weather Diary, Clippings about Forecast, Character of Winter over Arctic. 15 "Petermanus Geogr. Mitteilunger, 1905, Dr. F. Nansen, Notes by George McEwen, n.d. 16 Photos, Johns Hopkins [n.d.] SUBJECT FILES (cont.) 16 17 Photo, Alfred G. Mayor 18 Photographs, 1929, 1944 19 Photographs & Charts, 1935 20 [University of California. San Pedro Record of Stations Occupied, 1901.] 26 16L Pier Surface Temperatures, n.d. 17L McEwen, George Francis, General Pier Log 16 21 [Hydrographic Conditions near Scripps Institution, 1920] [La Jolla] 26 18L ["The Relation of Seasonal Rainfall in Southern California Surface Ocean Temperatures at the Scripps Pier...1925-1926"] 19L Insolation Data, Scripps Pier, August 13, 1928- August 24, 1928 16 22 6 Sta Southern California November 1, 1934 23 Seaplane Project, n.d. 24 [H.L. Kirby, Seaplane Project, 1931] 25 Seaplane Project, 1931-1934 26 [Amphitrite Expedition, February 1964] 27 [Track of ARGO and HORIZON on Expedition, n.d.] 17 1 Evaporation on "Scripps" Computed from Salinities, [August 1928] 2-3 Kobe Data, 1916-1920 4 "Production of Sound," Notes by George McEwen, n.d. 5 [Sound Ranging Data, Equations and Notes, n.d.] 6 [Sound Ranging Data, 1951] 7 Wind Velocity to Produce Overturning in Lake n.d. SUBJECT FILES (cont.) 17 8 Tangential Force Required at Surface of a Stratified Lake to Cause Overturning 9 [Notes, n.d.] [Tangential Forces on Lake] 10 Miscellaneous Value of Tangential Force on F Surface 11 [Tank Data, n.d.] 12 [Temperature-Notes, Tables, n.d.] 13 Miscellaneous Records, Air Temperature, Wind, Precipitation 1914-1915 14 Directions for Comp. Temperature Evaporation & Upwelling, n.d. 15 Weekly Averages and Ranges-Temperature and Salinity, 1916-1932 16 Sea Surface Temperatures Averaged by Months and 1 Degree Quadrangles San Francisco Area for Years, 1898-1931 17 Gradients in Degrees Centigrade per Degree of Latitude of Normal Sea Surface Temperatures from 1911 to 1930 18 Copies of Ocean Surface Temperature Data 19 [Hawaii, 1920] 20-22 [Japan, 1926] 23 [Travel, 1928] [New York] 24 [Travel 1930] [Cross Country Trip] 25 Personal [Travel Expenses] 1919-1924 26 [Trips, Expense Account, 1930] 18 1-4 Records-Trawling Collections, 1906, D.W. Davis, C.A. Kofoid, C.O. Esterly 5 Wave Statistics SUBJECT FILES (cont.) 18 6 [John Wright. Mechanical Laboratory II. Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical College, 1909-1910.] TOOLS SERIES 7 Current Meter [1935] 8 Insolation Pan, Scripps 1928 9 Pegram Current Meter, 1935 10 Tides & Therm[ometers], 1915-1916 11 [Instrument Catalogs] (1 of 4) 19 1-3 [Instrument Catalogs] Instruments 26 20L 1909, 1912 19 4 1927-1928 [Brochures] 5 c1930 [Brochures] 6 General, 1913-1920 [Correspondence] 7 [Correspondence 1916-1922] CALCULATIONS SERIES 8 Math Tables with Originals Math Tables 9 Typed Originals-Tabulations 10 List of Mathematical Tables 11 17, 18, 19, Typed Copies, Tabulations 12-13 Mathematical Tables, Vellum Originals 14 Logarithmic Normal [Frequency Distribution] 15 Beta Functions 16-22 Tables CALCULATIONS (cont.) 20 1 Tables 2 Factorals 1/n! from n=2 to n=50 3 Powers of Coefficients C to C16-.05 to 3.00 in Hundredths 4 Tabulation of (ae-ay)/(1-e-17a) 5 YP267, 271 [Computations, n.d.] 6 "Factors for Computing the Smoothed Temperature" 7 To Accompany Collected Papers on Fitting Empirical Formulae, Numerical Computation, Smoothing Scales, Interpolation, n.d. 8 Computation and Tables 9-11 Tables 12 Formulae for f1(z) 13 Approximate Method of Computing 14 Mathematical Tables, Photostat Originals 15 Tables-Approximations to 1/1+v 16-21 Computing 21 1 Tabulation of: (ae-ay)/(1-e-34a) 2 Tabulation 3 Tabulation, Pearson's Type III or Gamma Function Frequency Curve; Mills Ratio 4 Type III, etc. 5 Log Normal Frequency Distribution 6 Type III, Log Normal 7 Supplementary Tables, Some Energy Relations, etc. CALCULATIONS (cont.) 21 8 Form for Computing Surface Drift from Temperatures, n.d. 9 Sea Surface Temperature Data, 1917-1919; North Pacific Pressure Data, 1922-1925 Tables for Dynamic Computations (Basic Worksheets of LaFond's Tables) 10 Table III Carbons, [1922?] 11 Table II Sp. gr. October 1922 12 [of Ocean Currents, 1929] 13 Tables of Bjerknes Computations 14 Harmonic Analysis of Tides for 29 Day Periods, 1927, 1946 15 Mathematical Tables, Typed Originals-Manuscript, [c1935] 16 Calculations, March 15, 1937 17 George Francis McEwen Papers, n.d.-July 1926, McEwen's Oceanographic Calculations 18 [Composition Book, Mathematics, n.d.] 19-22 [Computations, n.d.] 23 Diagrams, n.d. 24 [Geometry Composition Book, n.d.] 22 1-5 [Mathematical Computations] 6 [Mathematics Notes, n.d.] c1905 7 [Notes, n.d.] [Very Early] 8 [Notes and Computations, n.d.] 9 Plane Analytic Geometry, Notes, n.d. 10 Math Tables, Work Sheets of Mathematical Tables [1947] PAPERS SERIES 22 11 George Francis McEwen List of Papers, c1919 12 [Publications of George F. McEwen, 1929] [Typescript on Probability, n.d.] 13 Table of Contents to Chapter 1 14 Chapter 2 15 Chapter 3 16 Chapter 4 17 Chapter 5 18 Notes, n.d. [Forward for Book on Currents?] 19 ["Oceanic and Atmospheric Relations, and a Possible Method of Forecasting the Season's Rainfall" by GF McEwen, 1921] 20 ["The Seasonal Rainfall for 1921-1922 Indications Based on Ocean Temperature," 1921] 21 "Forecasting Seasonal Rainfall from Ocean Temperatures," George F. McEwen, c1922 23 1 [McEwen, "Suggestions Relative to the Application of Mathematical Methods to Certain Basic Problems of Dynamic Oceanography," 1922] 2 "A Method of Computing Evaporation from Temperature Gradients in Lakes and Reservoirs" McEwen, 1923 3 "Forecasting Seasonal Rainfall from Ocean Temperatures," George F. McEwen, Typescript, 1924 4 [Notes, c1925] 5 George Francis McEwen Papers, n.d.-July 1926 McEwen Climate Manuscript [The Natural Air-Conditioned Climate of Southern California] 6 "Meteorologic and Oceanographic Research in the Pacific Needed for Seasonal Forecasting" McEwen Lecture, San Diego Chapter A.A.E, April 12, 1927 PAPERS (cont.) 23 7 Notes on Ekman Theory, Bjerknes Theory, n.d. (1924) [Recent Progress in the Dynamical Oceanography of the Northeastern Part of the North Pacific Ocean, 1927] 8 "Tables to Facilitate Dynamic Computations of Ocean Currents According to the Bjerknes Circulation Theory," McEwen, 1929 9 ["Outline of Methods Used at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography for Long-Range Weather Forecasting" December 3, 1932] 10 [McEwen, "Destructive High Waves Along the Southern California Coast, 1934-1935."] 11 "Oceanography" 1961 12 "The Science of Statistics," 1961 13 [McEwen, "An Analysis of Temperature Changes in Lakes Regarded as Effects of Penetrating Radiation, Surface Loss of Heat and Turbulence"] 14 [McEwen, "Climactic Influence of the Ocean," University Radio Series, n.d.] 15 "Conservation of California Beaches" by GFM 16 [McEwen, "General Recommendations Concerning Investigations of Pacific Ocean Waters," n.d.] 17 [McEwen "A Limnological Study of Lakes and Reservoirs of San Diego County-Stagnation and Overturning in Relation to Vertical Temperature Distribution, Typescript, n.d.] 18 Diagrams & List of Titles for a Limnological Study by McEwen 19 [McEwen, "A Mathematical Theory of the Vertical Distribution of Temperature and Salinity in Water..." n.d.] PAPERS (cont.) 23 20 George Francis McEwen, "On the Probability that a Ratio of Random Number Will Depart from a Harmonic Ratio by Less than a Given Amount," Typescript, n.d. 21 [McEwen, "Significance of Ocean Observations at or Near the Surface," n.d.] 22 "Some Energy Relations between the Sea Surface and the Atmosphere," by George Francis McEwen, Typescript, n.d. 23 ["Suggestions Relative to Oceanographic Observations in the North Pacific Ocean" n.d.] 24 Papers by W.E. Allen, 1917-1918 25 "The Carnegie: Its Personnel, Equipment and Work, with Suggestions for its Proposed Future Cruise," by Erik Moberg, c1929 26 [Moberg, "The Interrelation between Diatoms, Their Chemical Environment, and Upwelling Water in the Sea, off the Coast of Southern California, c1926] 27 "Photoelectric Measurements (Made during the Summer of 1930) of the Penetration of Light (Wavelengths 2900 to 4800 Angrom Units) in Sea Water..." by Burt Richardson, Typescript 1931 28 Measuring the Life of a Sun," by P. Schwartz, 2nd Lt. Ord. Dept. [c1921] 29 ["Mixing and Stability in the Lowest Air Strata, by Harold Ulrik Sverdrup," Typescript for Meteorologische Zeitchrift, January, 1936] 30 "Prandtl's Simplified Theory of Currents," H. Thorade Christa A. Painter, Translator, August 1940 PAPERS (cont.) 23 31 [Wilstam, A.-"Some Comments on the Application to Forecasting of Seasonal Water Power Supply for the Hydro-Electro Plants of the Southern California Edison Company on the Scripps Institution Work of Forecasting Seasonal Rainfall by Ocean Temperature."] 32 References, n.d. 33 [Bibliography-Bjerknes, Ekman, Helland Hansen, Sandstrom, 1898-1929]